Surrounded by the beautiful countryside of the Camargue, the Cevennes, and Provence, Nimes is a city where Roman history abounds. Nîmes can trace its first evidence of inhabitation to the neolithic age, but the city as it is now known goes back about 2000 years. A colourful history of invasions, including from the Visigoths and the Barbarians, has shaped the city, creating a melting pot culture. However, it was ancient Rome, and the prosperity of the Pax Romana, which left the greatest impression on the architecture of Nîmes.
Visitors to this laid-back Provençal town, can see some of the most well-preserved Roman monuments anywhere, all within easy reach of each other in the vielle ville. The ancient Roman ampitheatre, Les Arènes, is in excellent condition, and is still in use today, as a venue for music, theatre and -- most importantly -- the Feria de Nîmes, the city's annual bullfighting festival. From the arena, walk to the beautiful, columned Maison Carée, in the place de la Comédie. This Roman temple dates back to the Augustean age, and was Thomas Jefferson's inspiration for the design of the new American capitol in 1787. Further along the Roman trail is the Temple de Diana and the lush Jardins de la Fontaine. Stroll through these shady, well kept gardens for a view of the fountain itself, which is fed by a natural spring. At the top of the gardens is the Tour Magne. Hike up to the tower, which stands high above the city, and was once part of a set of ramparts which guarded the town.
For a more modern take on the city, be sure to see the Carré d'art, the city's museum of contemporary art, housed in a magnificent Norman Foster-designed building. Another curiousity is the Bull Museum, which is dedicated to celebrating the history of bullfighting. It is also worth noting the city's 19th-century industrial past, especially its significant role in the textile industry. The strong fabric once known as serge de Nîmes, was imported to America by Levi Strauss and renamed, simply, "denim".
Once you have had your fill of ancient Roman monuments, Nîmes can be a great place to stay while you explore the surrounding countryside. If possible, hire a car, and within a short drive of the city, you will find yourself in vineyards, sunflower fields, olive groves and rows of lavender. Another excellent excursion is a visit to the ancient Roman aqueduct, which crosses the Gardon River, Pont du Gard.
